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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. TDengine vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. TDengine vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTime Series DBMS and big data platformAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#109  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score1.89
Rank#138  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
github.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tdengine.comweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperElasticPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTDEngine, previously Taos DataWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20192019
Current release8.6, January 202316.2, February 20243.0, August 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCCGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationsGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes, via alarm monitoringno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchPostgreSQLTDengineWeaviate
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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More resources
ElasticsearchPostgreSQLTDengineWeaviate
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017
2 January 2018, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems
3 July 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
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3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

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3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

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Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
2 February 2021,  Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor) 

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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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