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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Neo4j vs. RDFox vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Neo4j vs. RDFox vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APITitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelSearch engineGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#309  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchneo4j.comwww.oxfordsemantic.techtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperElasticNeo4j, Inc.Oxford Semantic TechnologiesAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20102007201720092012
Current release8.6, January 20235.19, April 20246.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenenoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenononono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop 3Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infovia event handlernoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyreplication via a shared file systemnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Roles, resources, and access typesnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchNeo4jRDFoxTinkerGraphTitan
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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