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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Teradata

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.A hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelSearch engineVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score44.87
Rank#22  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgrethinkdb.comwww.teradata.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.teradata.com
DeveloperElasticPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Teradata
Initial release201020191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20091984
Current release8.6, January 20232.4.4, May 202416.3, May 20242.4.1, August 2020Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, GoCC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding inforange basedSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchMilvusPostgreSQLRethinkDBTeradata
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
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