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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFully managed big data interactive analytics platformHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APITitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oxfordsemantic.techtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperElasticMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20102019201720092012
Current release8.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases6.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnonono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop 3Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
Java
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.replication via a shared file systemnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRoles, resources, and access typesnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDFoxTinkerGraphTitan
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