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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score18.08
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.memcached.orgwww.postgresql.orgvitess.io
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperElasticDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release201020031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current release8.6, January 20231.6.27, May 202416.3, May 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCCGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallitySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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