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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Sadas Engine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWell established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.sadasengine.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentation
DeveloperElasticActian CorporationMicrosoftMicrosoftSADAS s.r.l.
Initial release20101974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201920102006
Current release8.6, January 202311.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releasesV128.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial infofree trial version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedhostedAIX
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectornoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnonoyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSadas Engine
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