DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. InfluxDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. InfluxDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	24.39
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

github.com/google/leveldb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Elastic

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

2010

2013

2011

1989

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

8.6, January 2023

2.7.6, April 2024

1.23, February 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

in enterprise version only

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

Depending on used storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
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Licensing and pricing models

Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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