DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Hazelcast vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Hazelcast vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Search engine

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

hazelcast.com

hsqldb.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

typedb.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

typedb.com/docs

Developer

Elastic

Hazelcast

Microsoft

Vaticle

Initial release

2010

2008

2001

1989

2016

Current release

8.6, January 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Java, SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Replicated Map

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Licensing and pricing models

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