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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. HarperDB vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. HarperDB vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.60
Rank#244  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.harperdb.ioneo4j.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseorientdb.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docsneo4j.com/­docsdoc.nuodb.comwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperElasticHarperDBNeo4j, Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20102017200720132010
Current release8.6, January 20233.1, August 20215.20, May 20243.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaNode.jsJava, ScalaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentdynamic schemaschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like data manipulation statementsnoyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, SQLJava, Javascript
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes infovia event handleryesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusteryes using Neo4j Fabricdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchHarperDBNeo4jNuoDBOrientDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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