DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	104.92
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.harperdb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.harperdb.io/docs

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

Elastic

HarperDB

Microsoft

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

2010

2017

1992

1989

2018

Current release

8.6, January 2023

3.1, August 2021

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

Java

Node.js

C++

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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