DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Data logging and graphing tool for time series data

The storage layer (fixed size database) is called Whisper

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Search engine

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	4.83
Rank	#67	Overall
	#4	Time Series DBMS

Score	101.16
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

github.com/graphite-project/graphite-web

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

graphite.readthedocs.io

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Elastic

Chris Davis

Microsoft

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

2010

2006

1992

1989

2022

Current release

8.6, January 2023

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

Python

C++

Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API
Sockets

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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