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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Kinetica vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Kinetica vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.hawkular.orgwww.kinetica.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.kinetica.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperElasticGoogleCommunity supported by Red HatKineticaOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20102017201420121994
Current release8.6, January 20237.1, August 202118.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC, C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functionsno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infobased on CassandraShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnonoyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and roles on table levelno

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More resources
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerHawkular MetricsKineticaOracle Berkeley DB
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