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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbneo4j.comwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbneo4j.com/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperElasticGoogleMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Snowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20102008201420072014
Current release8.6, January 20235.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App EngineJavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineJavaScriptyes infovia event handlerno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j Fabricyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNeo4jSnowflake
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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