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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.progress.com/­marklogicwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperElasticGoogleMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20102015200119922016
Current release8.6, January 202311.0, December 20221902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infoSQL92yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQL
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003yes

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More resources
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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