DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Geode vs. RocksDB vs. TiDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Geode vs. RocksDB vs. TiDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	4.25
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

geode.apache.org

rocksdb.org

pingcap.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

geode.apache.org/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Elastic

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Facebook, Inc.

PingCAP, Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2010

2002

2013

2016

2019

Current release

8.6, January 2023

1.1, February 2017

9.2.1, May 2024

8.1.0, May 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Go, Rust

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights per client and object definable

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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