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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. JaguarDB vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. JaguarDB vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonJaguarDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applicationsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#381  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
#13  Vector DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.jaguardb.comorientdb.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.jaguardb.com/­support.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperExasolGoogleDataJaguar, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20002017201520101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release3.3 July 20233.2.29, March 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ infothe server part. Clients available in other languagesJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infobut no views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoJava, Javascriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersyesnonoHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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EXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerJaguarDBOrientDBPostgreSQL
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