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DBMS > EXASOL vs. GigaSpaces vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. GigaSpaces vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Search engine
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#188  Overall
#32  Document stores
#6  Object oriented DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.exasol.comwww.gigaspaces.comorientdb.orgwww.postgresql.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperExasolGigaspaces TechnologiesOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenLink Software
Initial release2000200020101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1998
Current release15.5, September 20203.2.29, March 202416.3, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, C++, .NetJavaCC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatanoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-99 for query and DML statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyesJava, Javascriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyes, event driven architectureHooksyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Multi-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
EXASOLGigaSpacesOrientDBPostgreSQLVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
EXASOLGigaSpacesOrientDBPostgreSQLVirtuoso
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