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DBMS > EDB Postgres vs. Elasticsearch vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison EDB Postgres vs. Elasticsearch vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEDB Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionThe EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.91
Rank#130  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.enterprisedb.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorermilvus.io
Technical documentationwww.enterprisedb.com/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorermilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
DeveloperEnterpriseDBElasticMcObjectMicrosoft
Initial release20052010200120192019
Current release14, December 20218.6, January 20238.2, 2021cloud service with continuous releases2.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBSD for PostgreSQL-componentsOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++C++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infoby defining eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoby hash, list or rangeShardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop ConnectornoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
EDB PostgresElasticsearcheXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMilvus
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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EDB PostgresElasticsearcheXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMilvus
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