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DBMS > DuckDB vs. etcd vs. Neo4j vs. Quasardb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. etcd vs. Neo4j vs. Quasardb vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed reliable key-value storeScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.21
Rank#322  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
neo4j.comquasar.aiwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
neo4j.com/­docsdoc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.quasardbStardog-Union
Initial release2018200720092010
Current release1.0.0, June 20243.4, August 20195.20, May 20243.14.1, January 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensescommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++GoJava, ScalaC++Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infointeger and binaryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infowith tagsyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesyes infovia event handlernoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infoconsistent hashingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication with selectable replication factorMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoTransient modeyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBetcdNeo4jQuasardbStardog
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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