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DBMS > DuckDB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#42  Time Series DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#116  Overall
#22  Document stores
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgnsdb.iowww.postgresql.orgpouchdb.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docspouchdb.com/­guideswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.
Initial release201820171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20122019
Current release0.10, February 202416.2, February 20247.1.1, June 20191.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaCJavaScriptClojure
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyesnoyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScriptClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesUsing Apache Luceneyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DuckDBNSDbPostgreSQLPouchDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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