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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RethinkDB vs. SwayDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RethinkDB vs. SwayDB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storageScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#382  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrethinkdb.comswaydb.simer.auvitess.io
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverrethinkdb.com/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Simer PlahaThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20181989200920182013
Current release0.10, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20222.4.1, August 202015.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++ScalaGo
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometrynoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnonoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Java
Kotlin
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanoyes infoproprietary syntax
TriggersnoyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding inforange basednoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-document operationsAtomic execution of operationsACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC basedyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft SQL ServerRethinkDBSwayDBVitess
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