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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. StarRocks vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. StarRocks vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache DorisObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.starrocks.iowww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_introvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperMicrosoftApache Software FoundationThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023Paradigma Software
Initial release20182010201420201999
Current release0.10, February 2024V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.5.3, March 20235.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++ScalaC++, Java
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnouser defined functionsyes
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark Corehorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQLStarRocksValentina Server
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