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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox vs. Spark SQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox vs. Spark SQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.32
Rank#162  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oxfordsemantic.techspark.apache.org/­sqlvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oxfordsemantic.techspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesApache Software FoundationVictoriaMetrics
Initial release20182010201720142018
Current release0.10, February 2024V126.0, Septermber 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++ScalaGo
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnono
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablereplication via a shared file systemnoneSynchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access typesno

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDFoxSpark SQLVictoriaMetrics
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