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DBMS > DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#223  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMcObjectMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20182001201020042014
Current release0.10, February 20248.2, 2021V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++JavaScala
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLyesno
Triggersnoyes infoby defining eventsyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning / shardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yes, with always 3 replicas availablenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

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More resources
DuckDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
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