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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrigoDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrigoDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverorigodb.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverorigodb.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftRobert Friberg et alApache Software Foundation
Initial release2018201019892009 infounder the name LiveDB2014
Current release0.10, February 2024V12SQL Server 2022, November 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C#Scala
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno infocan be achieved using .NETno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.NetJava
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayesno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoDomain Eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesdepending on modelno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based authorizationno

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerOrigoDBSpark SQL
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