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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Memgraph vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Memgraph vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgmemgraph.comnsdb.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsmemgraph.com/­docsnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperMemgraph LtdPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2018201720171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release0.10, February 202416.2, February 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++C and C++Java, ScalaCClojure
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesUsing Apache Luceneyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBMemgraphNSDbPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

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More resources
DuckDBMemgraphNSDbPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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