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DBMS > DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperGoogleDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release201820112014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2000
Current release1.0.0, June 20241.23, February 202110 R1, October 20183.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CC
Server operating systemsserver-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
server-less
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsno
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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3rd partiesNavicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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More resources
DuckDBLevelDBPostgres-XLSQLite
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