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DBMS > DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftVesoft Inc.
Initial release2018201120162019
Current release1.0.0, June 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C++
Server operating systemsserver-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLuser defined functions
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoyesRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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DuckDBLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNebulaGraph
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