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DBMS > DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Pinecone

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA managed, cloud-native vector database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#229  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.pinecone.io
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.keydb.devlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overview
DeveloperEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftPinecone Systems, Inc
Initial release2018201919892019
Current release1.0.0, June 2024SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSD-3commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxLinux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesString, Number, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnosimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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DuckDBKeyDBMicrosoft SQL ServerPinecone
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