DBMS > DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Newts vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Newts vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#229	Overall
	#32	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.07
Rank	#375	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

opennms.github.io/newts

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

docs.keydb.dev

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

doc.nuodb.com

Developer

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

Microsoft

OpenNMS Group

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Initial release

2018

2019

2014

2013

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

BSD-3

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

server-less

Linux

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP REST
Java API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Java

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Lua

JavaScript

Java, SQL

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

based on Cassandra

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

simple password-based access control and ACL

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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