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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSHigh performance Time Series DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgkx.comwww.postgresql.orgrealm.io
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscode.kx.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release20182000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release1.0.0, June 20243.6, May 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++qC
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (q)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnoyes infowith viewsyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlnorights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBKdbPostgreSQLRealm
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
DuckDBKdbPostgreSQLRealm
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
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