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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.postgresql.orgrocksdb.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.immudb.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
DeveloperCodenotaryPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.
Initial release201820201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current release0.10, February 20241.2.3, April 202216.3, May 20248.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++GoCC++
Server operating systemsserver-lessBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like syntaxyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
DuckDBImmudbPostgreSQLRocksDB
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