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DBMS > DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDistributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#323  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storensdb.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storensdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2018201720171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release0.10, February 20242.016.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++C and C++Java, ScalaCClojure
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneActive-active shard replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)No - written data is immutableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageUsing Apache Luceneyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
DuckDBIBM Db2 Event StoreNSDbPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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