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DBMS > DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. NebulaGraph vs. Stardog vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. NebulaGraph vs. Stardog vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2github.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.stardog.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.nebula-graph.iodocs.stardog.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperIBMVesoft Inc.Stardog-UnionYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20181983 infohost version201920102017
Current release1.0.0, June 202412.1, October 20167.3.0, May 20202.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemaschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionShardingnoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Causal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2NebulaGraphStardogYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
DuckDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2NebulaGraphStardogYugabyteDB
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