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DBMS > DuckDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20182010201020142017
Current release0.10, February 2024V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangC++ScalaC++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access control

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More resources
DuckDBIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQLTigerGraph
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