DBMS > DuckDB vs. Hive vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Hive vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	2.26
Rank	#114	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	101.16
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

duckdb.org

hive.apache.org

maxdb.sap.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Microsoft

Initial release

2018

2012

1984

1992

2014

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

3.1.3, April 2022

7.9.10.12, February 2024

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

server-less

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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