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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Heroic vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Heroic vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperSpotifyMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20182014200120161994
Current release0.10, February 202411.0, December 202218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoSQL92yesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesyesyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyesno

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More resources
DuckDBHeroicMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DB
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