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DBMS > DuckDB vs. H2 vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. H2 vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-server
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATEST
DeveloperThomas MuellerBaiduMicrosoftPercona
Initial release20182005201820102008
Current release0.10, February 20242.2.220, July 20230.9V128.0.36-28, 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Unix
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
JavaGroovy
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsasynchronous Gremlin script jobsTransact SQLyes
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonovia hugegraph-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoedges in graphyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
DuckDBH2HugeGraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePercona Server for MySQL
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