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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestoreazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2018201720102014
Current release0.10, February 2024V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Scala
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyes, with Cloud Functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQL
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Recent citations in the news

My First Billion (of Rows) in DuckDB | by João Pedro | May, 2024
1 May 2024, Towards Data Science

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12 March 2024, InfoQ.com

DuckDB Walks to the Beat of Its Own Analytics Drum
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