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DBMS > dBASE vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablesurrealdb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebaseduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAsthon TateGoogleSurrealDB Ltd8Kdata
Initial release19792018201520222016
Current releasedBASE 2019, 20190.10, February 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++RustJava
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
server-lesshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDEC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.nono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
dBASEDuckDBGoogle Cloud BigtableSurrealDBToroDB
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