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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.06
Rank#380  Overall
#50  Document stores
#18  Object oriented DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.28
Rank#167  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtableorigodb.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsorigodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsqdrant.tech/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQdrant
Initial release201820152009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2021
Current release0.10, February 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C#CRust
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyes infoDomain Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsCollection-level replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonodepending on modelyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardKey-based authentication

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DuckDBGoogle Cloud BigtableOrigoDBPostgreSQLQdrant
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