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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.High performance Time Series DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablekx.comwww.postgresql.orgtrino.io
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscode.kx.comwww.postgresql.org/­docstrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperGoogleKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTrino Software Foundation
Initial release201820152000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release1.0.0, June 20243.6, May 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++qCJava
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like query language (q)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnonoyes infowith viewsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBGoogle Cloud BigtableKdbPostgreSQLTrino
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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