DBMS > DuckDB vs. FatDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. NebulaGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. FatDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. NebulaGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

A .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store

Document store

Graph DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

FatCloud

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Vesoft Inc.

8Kdata

Initial release

2018

2012

2010

2019

2016

Current release

0.10, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Erlang

C++

Java

Server operating systems

server-less

Windows

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Via inetgration in SQL Server

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via applications

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

via applications

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Can implement custom security layer via applications

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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