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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. FatDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. FatDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonFatDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsFatCloudMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release2012201220192017
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases2.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC#C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
WindowshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingno infoVia inetgration in SQL ServerKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infovia applicationsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infovia applicationsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemno infoCan implement custom security layer via applicationsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidFatDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimescaleDB
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