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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. EXASOL vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. EXASOL vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.29
Rank#95  Overall
#49  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#120  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#187  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.exasol.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.exasol.com/­resourceswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsExasolOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012200019841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 20247.4.1.1, 202116.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
HP Open VMSFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidEXASOLOracle RdbPostgreSQL
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