DBMS > Drizzle vs. DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison Drizzle vs. DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#53	Document stores
	#20	Object oriented DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

origodb.com

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

docs.immudb.io

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

origodb.com/docs

Developer

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Codenotary

Microsoft

Robert Friberg et al

Initial release

2008

2018

2020

1989

2009

under the name LiveDB

Current release

7.2.4, September 2012

0.10, February 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

GNU GPL

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

server-less

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Java
PHP

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Write ahead log

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based authorization

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