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DBMS > Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitedgraph.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviatewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerWeaviate B.V.Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20192019
Current release16.2, February 20241.19, May 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate EnterpriseOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoCGoClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes, maps to GraphQL interfaceschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy referencesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsGraphQL is used as query languagelimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphPostgreSQLWeaviateXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
DgraphPostgreSQLWeaviateXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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