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DBMS > Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#372  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Websitedgraph.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.timescale.comdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTimescaleMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20172020
Current release16.3, May 20242.15.0, May 20240.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCCC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infonone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DgraphPostgreSQLTimescaleDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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