DBMS > Dgraph vs. mSQL vs. OpenQM vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. mSQL vs. OpenQM vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#298	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Hughes Technologies

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

2016

1994

1993

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

4.4, October 2021

3.4-12

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

yes

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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3rd parties

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