DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. openGauss vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. openGauss vs. SAP HANA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Huawei and openGauss community

SAP

Initial release

2016

1989

2019

2010

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.0, March 2022

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C, C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

ANSI SQL 2011

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

yes

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